Perming your hair at home is not as easy as some people think. There is a lot involved in this than just applying a perm solution and you think you will have a great curl. You have to remember you are applying a chemical to your hair and have to think about what type of curl you want to achieve before doing this or you will end up with a head of frizz and no curl.
Also you have to think is your hair in good enough condition to do this. There is different types of perm solutions to perform different jobs and uses. There is a alkaline perm which I recommend for hair that is very resistant, stubborn, lack of elasticity, and resistant gray hairs. A elasticity test can be performed by taking a piece of hair from underneath, cut it off, and pull on it to see how strong it is. If it breaks easily that means it's very porous and lacks elasticity. Then there is a acid perm which I recommend for someone who has colored treated hair, damaged hair, frosted hair, hair that's in good condition, relaxed hair. This is a milder perm and not as strong as the alkaline one.Now you have to decide what type of curl you want. Do you want a tight curl, loose curl, body wave curl, spiral curl or a ringlet curl? There is many different techniques used in perming a persons hair. There is different ways of rolling and also different sizes rollers to determine the curl. So I suggest to discuss this with your hairdresser to see what method is for you. A hairstylist will give you many choices to choose from if they are experienced with doing perms. They will tell you there is a body perm, which is a soft curl and basically just putting a slight S wave in your hair. This is done to add volume to your hair. They will use a much larger roller like brown or orange or may even suggest using rollers they use for a set. A stack perm they may suggest if you don't have any layers in your hair and it's all one length. This is almost like a piggy back perm. You have to use different size rollers and alternate them, but your top isn't permed of course. Just the sides, length, and ends are. They could also suggest a root perm depending on how much volume your hair has and if you need that lift or not. A root perm is great for someone to add volume and lift to their root area only so your hair isn't flat. This will be great so when you style your hair it would hold without having to tease the root area. If they really know their stuff about perms they might suggest a pain curl perm. I loved doing these types of perms. They are really fun and create a wonderful curl. This is done by taking very small sections at a time and almost making them into a pin curl. Then applying the perm solution on top of them. What I love about this procedure is it gives you such natural looking waves almost like you were born with them. When I was in my salon I also liked doing weave perms, where I would only perm certain areas of the hair leaving some parts straight on purpose to create different textures to the clients hair. This is great for someone that just wants their sides and top permed. Some hairdressers don't know about some of these procedures, but there is a few differences between. You will get different curls from these techniques. So this is certainly a lot to consider before jumping to this and just curling away.
Next step is you need to make sure you have all the right equipment to do the perm. The products you need are rat tail comb, shampoo, shampoo cape, Vaseline, cotton, gloves, perm solution, timer, perm rods, towels, hair clip, end papers, water bottle, and processing cap. Next make sure your hair is free of all hair spray, gel etc. Shampoo and condition your hair preferably the night before. Do not use a real heavy conditioner or this can cause the perm not to take too well or slow down the process. Next comb your hair using a wide tooth comb and not a brush. Get all the tangles out. Try not to irritate your scalp too much by scratching your head or vigorously combing it. If you do it can cause scalp irritations when the perm is applied on and will burn. Now set yourself up with your hair wet, plastic cape around you with towels underneath you, and one on top of cape. Then if you know what size rollers you want to use start by taking your comb and sectioning the hair into four sections. I suggest starting with the crown area by taking your comb and take a thin section and pull straight up. Place a end paper to cover the hair making sure all the ends are in. Then roll straight down and secure the perm rod. Please make sure you don't pull too tight or it will result in Major hair breakage. When your hair is all set up with the rods and you get to the nape of the neck wrap the sides down from the top to just above the ears. Do this for both sides and then you are ready for the top section. Start from the crown area and pull up the first section. Pull it straight up and wrap with end paper. Roll it towards your forehead, Next step is to apply and prepare for the perm solution.
Protect your forehead, ears, and neck with either Vaseline or baby lotion. Place cotton to these areas. I suggest using double layers of cotton for better protection. Then making sure you have all your towels on and place some gloves on and mix the perm solution. Some perms have two parts to mix and some only one depending on which one you choose. Start at the bottom and apply the perm lotion to every rod making sure they are saturated enough. If you have thick hair or long hair it may take two bottles even if your hair is short and thick. After the lotion is on place a processing cap on top and secure it with a clip of some sort. I suggest doing a test curl after about seven minutes or so. If your hair is tinted or grabs quick this is a great way to test. Take a rod out and see if there is a slight bend or a curl more like a wave. Most people usually process for about 15 minutes or so on a average. Then you need to rinse the perm solution out with warm water for about ten minutes making sure it's all out. Towel blot it with paper towels till there is no more water on the towel. Now you need to apply the neutralizer to all the rods. This is applied the same way, but only left on the head for six minutes total. Rinse out with cool water and then take all the perm rods out and rinse the whole head for five minutes with cool water to close up the follicles. Always remember after a perm do not wash your hair with shampoo for two days and try not to use a brush on it. This will cause a lot of frizz and you will stretch out the perm.
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